Coriocarcinoma Ovariano Não Gestacional Misto: Relevância do Diagnóstico Precoce em um Relato de Caso / Mixed Non-Gestational Ovarian Choriocarcinoma: Relevance of Early Diagnosis in a Case Repor / Coriocarcinoma Mixto de Ovario no Gestacional: Relevancia del Diagnóstico Precoz en un Informe de Caso

O coriocarcinoma ovariano não gestacional é uma apresentação rara de câncer de ovário, acometendo principalmente mulheres pré-púberes. É considerada uma neoplasia agressiva, sendo comum a ocorrência de expansão para o pulmão em cerca de 80% dos pacientes, como no caso a seguir. Relato do caso: Sexo feminino, 12 anos de idade, com sangramento vaginal e distensão abdominal prolongados. A tomografia computadorizada mostrou volumosa massa heterogênea predominantemente cística e múltiplos septos grosseiros de permeio. Dosagem do beta-HCG de 49.929,81 mUI/ml. Foi submetida à laparotomia mediana para estadiamento, com anexectomia esquerda mais ressecção do tumor retroperitoneal e do omento, identificando-se estádio IV. O exame histopatológico concluiu ser um tumor de células germinativas do ovário constituído por coriocarcinoma não gestacional. Após alta hospitalar, foi submetida a sessões de quimioterapia. Posteriormente, apresentou em exames de imagem nódulos em ambos os pulmões, além de formações expansivas distribuídas no parênquima hepático. Nesse contexto, foi realizada metastectomia pulmonar meses depois. Após isso, novos exames de imagem foram realizados para o reestadiamento da doença. Foram encontrados alguns nódulos pulmonares residuais e, na ressonância magnética de crânio, sinais de hemorragia crônica. A evolução da paciente não foi favorável, havendo agravamento do estado geral e óbito um ano após o diagnóstico. Conclusão: Compreende-se, desse modo, a agressividade dessa doença, em especial na faixa pediátrica feminina, uma vez que a metástase precoce ocorre em uma porcentagem significativa dos casos, levando a um prognóstico desfavorável

Non-gestational ovarian choriocarcinoma is a rare form of ovarian cancer, mainly affecting prepubertal women. It is considered an aggressive neoplasm and expansion to the lung is common in around 80% of patients, as in the following case. Case report: Female, 12 years old, with prolonged vaginal bleeding and abdominal distension. Computed tomography showed a large heterogeneous mass, predominantly cystic, with multiple coarse septa. The beta HCG level was 49,929.81 mUI/ml. She underwent median laparotomy for staging, with left adnexectomy plus resection of the retroperitoneal tumor and omentum, identifying stage IV. The histopathological examination concluded that it was a germ cell tumor of the ovary consisting of non-gestational choriocarcinoma. After being discharged from hospital, she underwent chemotherapy sessions. Subsequently, imaging showed nodules in both lungs, as well as expansive formations distributed in the liver parenchyma. In this context, pulmonary metastasectomy was performed months later. After this, new imaging tests were carried out to restage the disease and the following findings were seen: some residual pulmonary nodules and on the MRI of the skull, a sign of chronic hemorrhage. The patient's evolution was not favorable, her general condition worsened and she died one year after diagnosis. Conclusion: The aggressiveness of this disease is clear, especially in female pediatric patients, since early metastasis occurs in a significant percentage of cases, leading to an unfavorable prognosis.

El coriocarcinoma ovárico no gestacional es una presentación poco frecuente del cáncer de ovario, que afecta principalmente a mujeres prepúberes. Se considera una neoplasia agresiva y la expansión al pulmón es frecuente en alrededor del 80% de las pacientes, como en el caso siguiente. Informe del caso: Mujer de 12 años con hemorragia vaginal prolongada y distensión abdominal. La tomografía computarizada mostró una gran masa heterogénea, predominantemente quística, con múltiples septos gruesos. El nivel de beta HCG era de 49 929,81 mUI/ml. Se le practicó una laparotomía media para la estadificación, con anexectomía izquierda más resección del tumor retroperitoneal y del epiplón, identificándose un estadio IV. El examen histopatológico concluyó que se trataba de un tumor germinal de ovario consistente en un coriocarcinoma no gestacional. Tras el alta hospitalaria, se sometió a sesiones de quimioterapia. Posteriormente, el diagnóstico por imagen mostró nódulos en ambos pulmones, así como formaciones expansivas distribuidas en el parénquima hepático. En este contexto, meses más tarde se le practicó una metastasectomía pulmonar. Tras ésta, se realizaron nuevas pruebas de imagen para reestadificar la enfermedad y se observaron los siguientes hallazgos: algunos nódulos pulmonares residuales y, en la resonancia magnética del cráneo, una señal de hemorragia crónica. La evolución de la paciente no fue favorable, su estado general empeoró y falleció un año después del diagnóstico.Conclusión: Por lo tanto, es comprensible la agresividad de esta enfermedad, especialmente en las mujeres pediátricas, ya que en un porcentaje significativo de casos se producen metástasis tempranas, lo que conlleva un pronóstico desfavorable

Unusual abscess masquerading as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the colon showing characteristics of choriocarcinoma

Extragonadal non-gestational choriocarcinoma (ENC) is an uncommon malignant tumor occasionally found in the gastrointestinal tract. ENC is characterized by a biphasic tumor growth with distinct areas of adenocarcinoma and choriocarcinoma differentiation. Primary choriocarcinoma of the colon is extremely rare, with only 21 cases reported in the literature. Most of the perforation of colorectal cancers occurs in the abdominal cavity, while abdominal wall abscess is rare; the psoas abscess associated with colon carcinoma is even less observed. Herein, we report the case of a 61-year-old female with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon and sigmoid, with choriocarcinomatous differentiation, masquerading a psoas abscess formation. Unfortunately, despite the aggressive therapy, the patient's disease rapidly progressed, and she died within 2 months after the diagnosis. The typical morphological pattern, immunohistochemistry, and its correlation with serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin enabled a correct diagnosis.

Hipertiroidismo como clave diagnóstica de un coriocarcinoma avanzado: Una asociación inusual / Hyperthyroidism as a diagnostic key to advanced choriocarcinoma. An unusual association

El hipertiroidismo es una condición relativamente frecuente con múltiples etiologías. La más común es la enfermedad de Graves, seguida del bocio multinodular y el adenoma tóxico. La asociación entre hipertiroidismo y cáncer es infrecuente en la práctica clínica. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 42 años con síntomas de hipertiroidismo de dos meses de evolución. Al examen físico se constató una marcada hepatomegalia de consistencia duro pétrea. El examen de testículos se reveló normal. Se llevó a cabo el diagnóstico de hipertiroidismo a través del dosaje hormonal. Los estudios por imágenes mostraron la presencia de múltiples lesiones sólidas compatibles con metástasis hepáticas. Luego de descartar las causas habituales de hipertiroidismo y las neoplasias primarias de la glándula tiroides, se consideró la posibilidad de mimetismo molecular a través de la producción ectópica de gonadotrofina coriónica humana. Se obtuvieron valores críticamente elevados de esta hormona y en un segundo tiempo se confirmó el diagnóstico histológico de coriocarcinoma a través de una biopsia hepática. Consideramos que el reconocimiento de este mecanismo poco frecuente de hipertiroidismo, puede ser una clave diagnóstica para arribar rápidamente al diagnóstico correcto, particularmente en los tumores extragonadales.

Hyperthyroidism is a relatively frequent condition with multiple causes. The most common cause is Graves' disease; followed by hyperthyroid multinodular goiter and toxic adenoma. Association between hyperthyroidism and cancer is infrequent in daily practice. We present the case of a 42-year-old man who developed severe symptoms of hyperthyroidism within a period of two months. Physical examination revealed significant hepatomegaly. Testicular examination proved normal. Imaging studies showed the presence of multiple hepatic solid lesions consistent with metastases. After discarding the most common causes of hyperthyroidism and primary thyroid gland neoplasm, the possibility of molecular mimicry was considered through human chorionic gonadotrophin production. Critical high values of this hormone were found and choriocarcinoma histological diagnosis was confirmed through a liver biopsy. We consider that the recognition of this rare mechanism of hyperthyroidism may be a clue permitting a faster diagnosis, particularly when extragonadal tumors are present.

Brain Metastasis of a Primary Testicular Pure Choriocarcinoma Presenting with Frontal Lobe Hemorrhage

We present the case of a 21-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with metastatic brain choriocarcinoma after presenting with a spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage. The treatment performed for this patient was an open surgery with full excision of the lesion. It is known that this kind of tumor is usually found in women, with low incidence in men. With this information as a baseline, we found multiple pulmonary metastases and a primary pure choriocarcinoma in his testicle.

Apresentamos o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, de 21 anos de idade, o qual foi diagnosticado com um coriocarcinoma cerebral metastático após apresentar uma hemorragia cerebral espontânea. O tratamento realizado para este paciente foi uma cirurgia aberta com excisão total da lesão. Sabe-se que este tipo de tumor é normalmente encontrado em mulheres, com baixa incidência no sexo masculino. A partir desta informação, encontramos múltiplas metástases pulmonares e um coriocarcinoma primário puro em seu testículo.

A case of non-gestational choriocarcinoma arising in the ovary of a postmenopausal woman / 부인종양

Primary ovarian choriocarcinoma arising from a germ cell is an extremely rare occurrence, especially in postmenopausal women, and the prognosis is poor. Non-gestational choriocarcinoma of the ovary (NGCO) accounts for 0.6% or less of all ovarian neoplasms. It is important to distinguish gestational choriocarcinomas of the ovary (GCO) from other carcinomas because of the poor prognosis of NGCO. We describe a case of NGCO with lung metastasis in a 55 year old woman, which we present together with a brief review of the literature.

Primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma: a difficult and complicated case study / 中国当代儿科杂志

Primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma is a very rare malignant tumor unrelated to pregnancy. Here a case of primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma was reported. The patient was a 13-year-old boy. He presented with shortness of breath, chest pain, fever, irritable cough and weight loss. The imaging examination showed a huge space-occupying lesion at the right edge of mediastinum. The autopsy results showed right lung and mediastinal choriocarcinoma cell carcinoma. After the introduction of the case, this paper reviewed the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma.

Primary non-gestational uterine cervical choriocarcinoma with metaplastic transformation from squamous cells.

BACKGROUND: Primary non-gestational uterine cervical choriocarcinoma is very unusual and although it has been hypothesized that it can arise by metaplastic transformation of cervical epithelium, solid evidence has been lacking. CASE: Primary non-gestational uterine cervical choriocarcinoma was diagnosed in a 47-year-old, woman undergoing tubal resection 17 years previously. A histologically- and immunohistochemically-confirmed, non-gestational cervical choriocarcinoma could be diagnosed in which there was metaplastic transformation from squamous cells . The patient underwent 5 courses of an actinomycin-D chemotherapeutic regimen and radical hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. CONCLUSION: Primary non-gestational uterine cervical choriocarcinoma may indeed arise from metaplastic transformation of epithelial tissue.

Immature teratoma with choriocarcinoma-like lesion of testis: case report of an unusual presentation.

An eighteen year old male presented with hemoptysis and superior vena caval syndrome. History and clinical examination revealed a testicular mass which was previously diagnosed as hematocele. Chest x-ray showed a four cm diameter shadow and several smaller shadows. Histological examination of the testicular mass established it as immature teratoma with choriocarcinoma-like lesion (CCLL)--a rare association in testicular tumours. Focal positivity for betaHCG was noted in the testicular tumour. Guided aspiration of the lung showed features of a metastatic non seminomatous germ cell tumour.

A Case Of Primary Gastric Choriocarcinoma Associated With Adenocarcinoma / 대한내과학회지

Choriocarcinoma is a HCG-producing epithelial neoplasm derived from either trophoblastic or totipotential germ cells. It is a highly malignant tumor, which is rapidly invasive and widely metastatic, and in most cases develops within the uterus after a normal or abnormal gestation, including ectopic pregnancy. Non-gestational choriocarcinoma rarely occur as a primary neoplasm in the gonads or in the extragonadal midline locations such as mediastinum, retroperitoneum, and pineal gland. It also has been reported very rarely to arise in parenchymal organs such as the prostate, lung, breast, brain, liver, kidney, bladder, vagina, and gastrointestinal tract. A 58-year old man was admitted to our hospital with symptoms of tarry stool and epigastric discomfort. The endoscopic biopsy specimen initially revealed pooly differentiated carcinoma of stomach with regional lymph node metastasis. Patient underwent distal gastrectomy with Billroth II anastomosis. Choriocarcinoma of stomach with well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma was diagnosed by the surgical biopsy specimen, and the serum level of beta-HCG was 2,775 mIU/mL.In three months after operation, the patient presented with pain on right upper quadrant abdomen, and the CT scan revealed multiple liver metastasis. Bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) combination chemotherapy were administered, but he died three months after the initial diagnosis.

Primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma--a series of 7 cases.

Primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma is a rare manifestation of extra-genital malignant germ cell tumour. This is a report of seven such cases, seen in autopsy and surgical materials in a span of 20 years. The age range was from 25 to 60 years, affecting six women and one male. These are aggressive tumours requiring prompt therapy. Only one among the seven survived.

Primary Ovarian Non-gestational Choriocarcinoma in a Young Women A Case Report / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Primay ovarian choriocarcinoma is very rare disease. Especially, non-gestational choriocarcinoma of ovary has worse prognosis than gestational tumor. Here, we report a non-gestational pure ovarian choriocarcinoma in 11 years old woman with the review of literature.

Coriocarcinoma no gestacional ovárico puro / Non-gestational choriocarcinoma pure ovarian

Dadas las diferencias clínicas, pronósticas y terapéuticas, es necesario distinguir entre el coriocarcinoma ovárico puro de tipo gestacional y no gestacional.

Non-gestational choriocarcinoma in small intestine.

Choriocarcinoma most commonly arises from intrauterine gestational trophoblastic tissue; non gestational choriocarcinoma is rare. We report a 22-year-old married woman with non-gestational choriocarcinoma in the small intestine. Partial resection of the jejunum and ileum was done, followed by chemotherapy. She was well one year later.

Primary Ovarian Non-gestational Choriocarcinoma in a Young Woman / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Primary ovarian choriocarcinoma is an extremely rare germ cell neoplasm, and the prognosis is poor. Especially, the diagnosis of primary ovarian nongestational chori-ocarcinoma can be reliably established in a girl or innocent virgin. We report a case of primary ovarian, nongestational, pure choriocarcinoma in a 16-year-old woman. She died within 1 year after diagnosis in spite of the treatment with surgery and combin-ation chemotherapy.

A Case of Primary Non-Gestational Choriocarcinoma of the Ovary / 대한부인종양콜포스코피학회잡지

The authors report a xase of primary non-gestational choriocarcinoma(PNGCO) of the ovary in a prepubertal female patient and reviewed. It is an extremely rere disease of which incidence is one in 369 million. Major clinical symptom is abdominal pain, precociois puberty and it can be misdiagneosed as ectopic pergnancy. Distinction from gestational choriocarcinoma(GCO) of the ovary is important because of the worse prognosis of PNGCO. But no distinctive ultrastructural or immunohistochemical differences are found between PNGCO and GCO. Most acceptable treatment modality is an aggressive surgical therapy and systemic chemotherapy, but its progrosis is poor.